Table 1 Baseline data, characteristics and allergy related disease at 2 years
Comparison of treatment groups | Comparison of drop out cases | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Probiotic (n = 211) | Placebo (n = 204) | Attended 6 yr examination | Drop-outs | ||||||
na | na | na | na | p-valueb | |||||
Baseline data and characteristics | |||||||||
Age, mother (years), mean ± SD | 191 | 30.1 (3.9) | 189 | 30.3 (4.4) | 162 | 30.7 (3.9) | 218 | 29.8 (4.2) | 0.024 |
Education, mother (yrs), mean ± SD | 183 | 15.3 (2.2) | 181 | 15.2 (2.3) | 156 | 15.2 (2.1) | 208 | 15.2 (2.4) | 0.968 |
Education, father (yrs), mean ± SD | 184 | 14.8 (2.7) | 179 | 14.7 (2.4) | 156 | 14.7 (2.5) | 207 | 14.8 (2.6) | 0.561 |
Birth weight (g), mean ± SD | 187 | 3662 (478) | 176 | 3596 (474) | 161 | 3626 (466) | 202 | 3635 (486) | 0.814 |
Sex (male), n (%) | 193 | 96 (49.7) | 191 | 80 (41.8) | 163 | 76 (46.6) | 221 | 100 (45.3) | 0.151 |
Premature, n (%) | 189 | 5 (2.7) | 185 | 7 (3.8) | 162 | 5 (3.1) | 212 | 7 (3.3) | 1.000c |
Siblings, n (%) | 207 | 91 (44.0) | 200 | 78 (39.0) | 163 | 82 (50.3) | 244 | 87 (35.7) | 0.003 |
Atopy in family, n (%) | 207 | 152 (73.4) | 200 | 148 (74.0) | 163 | 127 (77.9) | 244 | 173 (70.9) | 0.115 |
Smoking motherd, n (%) | 204 | 16 (7.8) | 200 | 19 (9.5) | 163 | 13 (8.0) | 241 | 12 (9.1) | 0.686 |
Smoking fatherd, n (%) | 203 | 35 (17.2) | 198 | 38 (19.2) | 163 | 21 (12.8) | 238 | 52 (21.8) | 0.022 |
Breastfed ≥ 3 months, n (%) | 168 | 164 (97.6) | 166 | 162 (97.6) | 155 | 153 (98.7) | 179 | 173 (96.7) | 0.293c |
At least one pet at homed, n (%) | 207 | 52 (25.1) | 200 | 53 (26.5) | 163 | 47 (28.8) | 244 | 58 (23.7) | 0.253 |
Used antibioticsd, n (%) | 161 | 35 (21.7) | 159 | 34 (21.4) | 152 | 34 (22.4) | 168 | 35 (20.8) | 0.739 |
Fish ≤ 6 mo., n (%) | 163 | 35 (21.5) | 165 | 27 (16.4) | 155 | 22 (14.2) | 173 | 40 (23.1) | 0.039 |
Vegetables ≤ 6 mo., n (%) | 166 | 84 (50.6) | 166 | 105 (63.3) | 156 | 90 (57.7) | 176 | 99 (56.3) | 0.791 |
Protocol compliancee, n (%) | 150 | 130 (86.7) | 148 | 128 (86.5) | 147 | 134 (91.2) | 151 | 124 (82.1) | 0.022 |
Allergy related disease at 2 years | |||||||||
Atopic dermatitis, n(%) | 138 | 29 (21.0) | 140 | 48 (34.3) | 145 | 52 (35.9) | 133 | 25 (18.8) | 0.001 |
Allergic sensitisationf, n(%) | 131 | 20 (15.3) | 133 | 15 (11.3) | 140 | 26 (18.6) | 124 | 9 (7.3) | 0.007 |