Eczema in early childhood is strongly associated with the development of asthma and rhinitis in a prospective cohort

Table 2 Factors associated with the 5-year cumulative incidence of asthma and incidence of rhinitis in eczema patients aged 1–2 years in Sweden

Risk factor at baseline	Incidence of asthma (N = 2063)		Incidence of rhinitis (N = 2751)
	Adjusted odds ratio* (95% confidence interval)	P-value	Adjusted odds ratio* (95% confidence interval)	P-value
Eczema at baseline				<0.001
No	1.0	<0.001	1.0
Yes	3.07 (1.79-5.27)		2.63 (1.85-3.73)
Gender				0.006
Female	1.0	0.003	1.0
Male	2.20 (1.30-3.72)		1.59 (1.14- 2.23)
Age of the child				0.290
12-23 month	1.0	0.340	1.0
24-35 month	0.78 (0.47-1.30)		0.84 (0.60-1.16)
Parental history of allergic disease ^&				<0.001
No parent with allergic disease	1.0	<0.001	1.0
Parent(s) with history of allergic disease	1.83 (1.29-2.60)		2.00 (1.59-2.51)
Asthma in the child				<0.001
No	--	--	1.0
Yes			2.80 (1.66-4.70)
Breastfeeding ^&&				0.446
Breastfeeding longer than 6 month	1.0	0.044	1.0
Breastfeeding up to 6 month	1.57 (1.03-2.39)		1.13 (0.83-1.54)
Number of bedrooms with PVC				0.106
No PVC in bedroom	1.0	0.288	1.0
PVC in one bedroom	1.36 (0.65-2.83)		1.60 (1.02- 2.51)
PVC in two bedrooms	1.57 (0.89-2.78)		1.30 (0.90-1.90)
Type of dwelling				0.546
Single family house	1.0	0.605	1.0
Multi family house	1.21 (0.60-2.44)		1.15 (0.73-1.81)
Smoking by parents				0.707
No	1.0	0.810	1.0
Yes	0.92 (0.47-1.79)		0.92 (0.60-1.42)
Number of adults living with the child				0.942
Two or more	1.0	0.208	1.0
One	0.43 (0.10-1.81)		1.03 (0.50-2.11)

*Adjusted by logistic regression for all other variables listed in the table.
^&linear effect aOR, with reference category no parent; other categories one parent, and two parents.
^&& linear effect aOR, with reference category longer than 6 months; other categories up to 6 months, and no breastfeeding.

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